pene āhua āpure
Ko tētahi whakapapa ā-hoahoa ā-tāia he whakakotuinga anō hoki o te hoahoa hou me ngā whakaeke whakauru. Ko ēnei whakapapa whai kiko ngā tauānga ā-hoahoa ā-hiko e whakauruhia ana hei wāhi noa i te māmā, e hangaia ana kia wātea ai i ngā whakamahinga rereke. Ko ia whakapapa he matāpuna kaha, he whakarewa hoki e mōhiotia ai te kaha me te āhua, kia mau ai te whakamahinga i ngā wā katoa. Ko te tikanga hanga he whakamahi i ngā taputapu māmā kirīora me te whakapipi, kia taea ai te whakapapa i ngā āhua pīroiroi kia mau tonu ai te kaha o te hanganga. Ka taea e ngā kaihoko te whakarerekē i ngā tae, ngā whakarewa, me ngā matāpuna kia rite ki te tohu toa, ki te tohu rōpū rānei. Ka taea e ngā āhua ā-hoahoa te neke mai i ngā tapatoru, ngā tapaono rānei e whakauruhia ai ngā āhua taketake, kia nui ake ai ngā whiringa hōu. Ko ngā whakapapa he whakauru ārai kaha, nō reira he tōtika ana ki ngā whakamahinga maha, mai i te whakauru kainoho ki ngā tohu hui. Ko ngā tikanga whakaputua e tiaki ana i te mata mai i te whakamahinga me ngā āhuatanga taiao, ā, ko ngā āhuatanga rānei pērā i ngā āhua hōu rānei, ngā matāpuna e mātai ai i te mārama UV ka taea te whakauru hei whakapai ake i te haumaru.